Insight · Costs

Invisible mark-ups: where the margin hides in an office contract

A bid for refurbishment works can be entirely correct in its final figure and still hard to read in its internal structure. Understanding where the margin can form in a contract is useful not for being suspicious, but for assessing with awareness.

The items where the margin forms

In an aggregated quote the coordinator's margin can be distributed across several items without any single one looking out of the ordinary when taken on its own. The most common are the mark-up on supplies – applied to the purchase list prices before the cost is passed on to the client – the subcontracts awarded to affiliated firms, where the price is not necessarily the market one, and the aggregated items such as "general overheads", "site costs" or "sundries", which gather real costs but make it hard to understand their composition. To these are added the variations during the works: changes that emerge during execution and that, in a fixed-price contract, are priced independently by the coordinator.

SINGLE AMOUNT · TURNKEY A single number BROKEN DOWN INTO COMPONENTS REAL COSTS Supplies Contractors WHERE THE MARGIN FORMS Mark-up on supplies Margin on subcontracts Aggregated items (overheads, sundries) Variations during the works
Anatomy of an aggregated quote: the items where the margin forms (schematic proportions, for illustration only)

Legitimate and opaque: two different things

Every item described above has a legitimate function. The mark-up on supplies covers the work of selection, procurement and supply guarantee. The margin on subcontracts remunerates operational coordination. The general items include real costs of running the site. What makes assessment difficult is not the presence of the margin – which is a normal part of the coordinator's compensation – but its absorption into a single figure that prevents the client from distinguishing the components. Two quotes with a similar final amount can have very different internal structures, and without the breakdown it is impossible to compare them on a like-for-like basis.

Aggregated quote
Final amount readable, internal structure not
Works and suppliessingle amount
General overheadsno breakdown
Site costsno breakdown
Sundries and extrasno breakdown
Total= 100
Detailed quote
Open book: every item separated and verifiable
Supplies (original quotes)documented
Contractors (original quotes)documented
Site costsbroken down
Coordination feeagreed
Total= 100
Same works, same example total (= 100): in the aggregated quote the components are not distinguishable, in the detailed one they are

How to read a bid with more awareness

Some useful questions when assessing a quote: are the supply costs documentable with the suppliers' original quotes? Can the aggregated items be broken down on request? Are variations priced with the same detail as the initial quote? Is the coordination fee separated from the cost of the works? A coordinator who works transparently answers these questions before they are even asked, because the readability of the bid is part of the service. The in-depth piece comparing open book and fixed price develops this theme from the contractual side.

The model that removes the problem at the root

The structure that eliminates hidden mark-ups by definition is the design & build open book. In this model the coordinator applies no mark-up on supplies or on subcontracts: the client knows the real costs and recognises an agreed fee for design, works supervision and site coordination. The coordinator's economic interest is aligned with the client's, because the compensation does not grow as costs grow. ARCHIlabs offers this formula when the client wishes to entrust the build too to the same partner that followed the project.

Want a quote readable item by item?

With ARCHIlabs every component of the cost is visible: real quotes from suppliers, a separate and agreed coordination fee, variations priced with the same method.

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